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Regulating the Immune System Through Food and Herbal Medicine

Updated: Mar 1



Autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis can be effectively managed with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) herbs. Research has shown that TCM can help reduce antibody and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, allowing for decreased reliance on corticosteroids like prednisone.


Below is a list of commonly used herbs in our clinic and their research-backed mechanisms on the immune system:


Source: 《Chinese Pharmacology, Second Edition》 by Gao Xuemin, People’s Medical Publishing House.


1. Chai Hu (Bupleurum chinense DC.)


Effects on the Immune System:

Intraperitoneal injection of Chaihu polysaccharide significantly enhances the splenic index, macrophage phagocytosis, antibody titers against influenza virus, and natural killer (NK) cell activity in mice.

• It restores immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide or influenza virus and enhances both humoral and cellular immune responses.[9]


Antipyretic and Analgesic Effects:

Oral administration of Chaihu decoction significantly reduces fever induced by 2,4-dinitrophenol in rats, with effects comparable to aspirin.[1]

Chaihu combined with Huangqin demonstrates an enhanced antipyretic effect.[2]

Chaihu + Vinegar-processed Chaihu + Baishao (1:2 ratio) shows potent analgesic effects in experimental animal models.[3]


[1]曹站霞.黑柴胡与北柴胡解热、抗炎作用的比较[J].中医研究,2009,22(10): 15-17.

[2]高琳,白晶,刘迪谦.柴胡-黄芩水煎液中不同化学成分群配伍与其解热作用相关性研究[J].北京中医药大学学报,2006,29(11): 760-764.

[3]聂淑琴,杨庆,李兰芳,等.柴胡与赤芍、醋柴胡与白芍配伍前后药效学比较研究[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2002,8(3): 11-14

[9]张兴权,陈鸿珊.柴胡多糖的免疫药理作用[J].中国药理学与毒理学杂志,1989,3(1): 30-33



2. Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig, Cinnamomum cassia Blume.)


Effects on the Immune System:

Cinnamaldehyde enhances peripheral blood circulation and inhibits platelet aggregation, prolonging coagulation time in mice.[6]


Antipyretic, Analgesic, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects:

Gui Zhi promotes sweating and reduces fever by stimulating sweat glands.[1,2]

• It significantly reduces inflammatory responses by inhibiting PGE2 release in the hypothalamus and inflammatory cells.[3]

Cinnamaldehyde inhibits capillary permeability, reducing edema and inflammatory swelling in animal models.[4,5]


[1]沈映君,王一涛,陈蓉,等.麻黄桂枝协同发汗作用的实验研究[J].成都中医学院学报,1986(1):31-33.

[2]马悦颖,李沧海,郭建友.桂皮醛解热作用及机制的实验研究[J].中国实验方剂学杂志,2007,13(4): 22-25.

[3]马悦颖,李沧海,李兰芳.桂皮醛解热镇痛抗炎作用的实验研究[J].中国临床药理学与治疗学,2006,11(12): 1336-1339

[4]赵美林,黄萍,杨霞.中药桂皮醛体外抑菌和抗炎活性的研究[J].广东牙病防治,2008,16(10):441-443.

[5]杨霞,黄萍,肖晓蓉.中药桂皮醛对牙周致病菌的体外抑菌活性研究[J].重庆医学,2009,38(1):75-76.

[6]黄敬群,罗晓星,王四旺.桂皮醛对抗血小板聚集和血栓形成的特点[J].中国临床康复,10(31):34-36.



3. Shi Gao (Gypsum, Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate)


Effects on the Immune System:

Shi Gao enhances T lymphocyte and macrophage function, particularly in burn-induced rat models, leading to improved wound healing and immune recovery.[11,12]

• It inhibits cAMP and PGE2 synthesis, regulating immune responses in burn-injured rats.


Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects:

Shi Gao injection reduces pain and inflammation, demonstrating effects on writhing and hot plate tests.[8,9]


[8]夏怡,李祥,陈建伟,等.石膏镇痛作用的实验研究[J].中国医药导报,2009,6(9): 23-24.

[9]江涛,陈一乐,黄凤和,等.石膏注射液抗炎镇痛作用研究[J].广东药学院学报,1992(2): 26

[11]胡景新,孟凡会,苏畅,等.中药石膏对烧伤大鼠创面修复的影响及T淋巴细胞、腹腔巨噬细胞功能变化的观察[J].中国病理生理杂志,1991,7(3): 260-263.

[12]胡景新,孟凡会,吴决,等.中药石膏对烧伤鼠血浆、脾组织、腹腔巨噬细胞中环核苷酸以及血浆PGE2含量的影响[J].中国病理生理杂志,1991,7(1): 12-15



4. Da Huang (Rheum palmatum L.)


Effects on the Immune System:

Rhein, Aloe-emodin, and Emodin exhibit immunosuppressive effects, reducing immune organ weight, antibody production, and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions.[21]


Effects on the Kidneys:

Da Huang significantly reduces BUN and creatinine levels in rats with adenine-induced renal dysfunction.[29]

Rhein inhibits mesangial cell proliferation and reduces proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy models.[30-32]


Anti-Inflammatory Effects:

Da Huang suppresses inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and leukotrienes, exerting dual regulatory effects.[1],[33,34]


[1]邱颂平.大黄的药学与临床研究[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2007: 201-215

[21]路铭,陈琼华.大黄的生化学研究ⅩⅩⅩ.蒽醌衍生物对免疫功能的抑制作用[J].中国药科大学学报,1989,20(4): 223

[29]肖炜.大黄治疗慢性肾功能衰竭的临床与实验研究概述[J].中国中药杂志,2002,27(4): 241-244.

[30]顾刘宝,万毅刚,万铭.大黄治疗糖尿病肾病的分子细胞机制研究进展[J].中国中药杂志,2003,28(8): 703-706.

[31]郭啸华,刘志红,戴春笋,等.大黄抑制TGF-β1诱导的肾小管上皮细胞肥大及细胞外基质产生[J].肾脏病与透析肾移植杂志,2001,10(2): 101.

[32]朱加明,刘志红.大黄酸对葡萄糖转运蛋白1基因转染系膜细胞功能的影响[J].中华内科杂志,2001,40(8): 537.

[33]倪弘,薛小平,杨秀竹,等.大黄酸抑制小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞炎性介质活化的作用机理[J].天津中医,2001,18(1): 35-36.

[34]张俊,翁福海.大黄素对大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞产生的TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6及细胞[Ca2+]的影响[J].中草药,2001,32(8): 718.



5. Qing Hao (Artemisia annua L.)


Effects on the Immune System and Lupus Nephritis:

Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) significantly reduces anti-dsDNA antibodies and improves lupus nephritis activity in BXSB mice.[29-31]

Artemisinin enhances lymphocyte transformation and NK cell activity, promoting antiviral responses.[27]


Anti-Inflammatory Effects:

Artemether reduces IL-17, MMP-3, and MMP-9 levels in arthritis models, suppressing inflammation and synovial hyperplasia.[19-25]

[19]侯晓强,潘蕾,崔向军,等.青蒿琥酯对胶原诱导性关节炎大鼠滑膜细胞凋亡的影响[J].辽宁中医药大学学报,2011,13(4): 72-74.

[20]莫汉有,王丽芳,周润华,等.青蒿琥酯对佐剂性关节炎大鼠血白介素-17及血管内皮细胞生长因子的影响[J].时珍国医国药,2011,22(2): 415-416.

[21]莫汉有,王丽芳,周润华,等.青蒿琥酯对佐剂性关节炎大鼠血IL-17、MMP-3及MMP-9的影响[J].重庆医学,2011,40(7): 628-630.

[22]王俊,周红.青蒿素对CpG DNA攻击小鼠保护作用的实验研究[J].中国临床药理学与治疗学,2005,10(3): 290-293.

[23]李斌,张蓉,王俊,等.双氢青蒿素对CpG ODN诱导小鼠RAW264.7细胞释放细胞因子的影响[J].四川生理科学杂志,2005,27(4): 149-152.

[24]Li B,Li J,Pan X,et al.Artesunate protects sepsis model mice challenged with Staphylococcus aureus by decreasing TNF-alpha release via inhibition TLR2 and Nod2 mRNA expressions and transcription factor NF-kappaB activation[J].Int Immunopharmacol,2010,10(3): 344-350.

[25]戴夕超,杜秀平,张西志,等.双氢青蒿素对早期放射性肺损伤大鼠TNF-α表达的影响[J].中华肿瘤防治杂志,2010,17(10): 728-731

[26]林培英,潘竞锵,冯昭明,等.蒿甲醚对小鼠血清IgG及脾重的影响[J].药学学报,1985,20(3):211-213.

[27]薛明,田丽娟.青蒿多糖的免疫活性研究[J].中成药,2008,30(8): 1211-1213.

[29]董妍君,李卫东,屠呦呦,等.双氢青蒿素对BXSB狼疮小鼠自身抗体产生、TNFα分泌及狼疮性肾炎病理改变的影响[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2003,23(9): 676-679.

[30]Li WD,Dong YJ,Tu YY,et al.Dihydroarteannuin ameliorates lupus symptom of BXSB mice by inhibiting production of TNF-alpha and blocking the signaling pathway NF-kappa B translocation[J].Int Immunopharmacol,2006,6(8): 1243-1250.

[31]王红,姜波,张华勇,等.青蒿琥酯通过抑制ICAM-1治疗鼠狼疮性肾炎的研究[J].实用临床医药杂志,2010,14(17): 1-3.



6.Bai Shao (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)


🌿 Effects on Macrophage Function

• Bai Shao’s total glycosides (TGP) modulate macrophage activity, with low concentrations enhancing and high concentrations suppressing immune responses.

• It regulates interleukin-1 (IL-1) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production, playing a role in anti-arthritis and immunomodulatory effects [1,2].

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) regulation is concentration-dependent, influencing inflammation and pain control [3].

• TGP exhibits bidirectional immune effects, with different doses either promoting or suppressing immune functions [4].


🩺 Effects on Cellular Immunity

• Bai Shao improves T lymphocyte function, increasing regulatory T cells (Tregs) and balancing the CD4/CD8 ratio, crucial for autoimmune disease control [5,6].

• It enhances B lymphocyte proliferation and IL-2 production while regulating inflammation and hypersensitivity reactions [7,8].

TGP inhibits excessive IL-1 production, reducing overactive immune responses in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis [9].


🛡️ Effects on Humoral Immunity

• TGP shows bidirectional regulation in B cell proliferation and antibody production, supporting immune balance [13].

• It enhances Th2 cell proliferation, potentially reducing autoimmune reactions [14].

• The herb helps normalize immune function in inflammatory conditions [15].


🔥 Anti-Inflammatory & Pain-Relief Effects

• Bai Shao significantly reduces inflammation and joint pain, effectively treating adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA)[16].

• Clinical trials show that TGP improves rheumatoid arthritis (RA) symptoms, reducing erythrocyte sedimentation rate and immune overactivity [17].

• Some studies suggest its immune effects may involve pineal gland regulation [18].

TGP injections have been proven to reduce swelling and inflammation in laboratory studies [19].


[1]梁君山,魏伟,周爱武,等.白细胞介素Ⅰ的检测及白芍总甙对其产生的影响[J].中国药理学通报,1989,5(6): 354-357.

[2]李俊,赵维中.白芍总甙对大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞产生白三烯B4的影响[J].中国药理学通报,1992,8(1): 36-39.

[3]李俊,陈敏珠.白芍总甙大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞产生前列腺素E2的作用及部分机制研究[J].中国药理学通报,1994,10(4): 267-270.

[4]阮金兰,赵钟祥,曾庆忠,等.赤芍化学成分和药理作用的研究进展[J].中国药理学通报,2003,19(9): 965-970.

[5]陈光星,全世明,等.通痹灵总碱对大鼠机体细胞免疫的调节作用[J].广州中医药大学学报,2003,20(1): 1-3.

[6]王璞,张雯,周红娟,等.芍药甘草汤对MRL/Lpr小鼠CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T细胞的影响[J].浙江中医杂志,2009(10): 723-726.

[7]张泓,魏文树.白芍总甙的免疫调节作用及机理[J].中国药理学与毒理学杂志,1990,4(3):190-193.

[8]魏伟,梁君山,周爱武,等.白芍总甙对白细胞介素-2产生的影响[J].中国药理学通报,1989,5(3): 176.

[9]郭浩,魏伟.白芍总甙对T细胞调节功能的影响[J].中国药理学与毒理学杂志,1993,7(3):193-196.

[10]李俊,梁君山.白芍总甙对B淋巴细胞增殖和白介素1生成的调节作用[J].中国药理学与毒理学杂志,1994,8(1): 53-55.

[11]葛志东,周爱武.白芍总甙、芍药甙和白芍总甙去除芍药甙对佐剂性关节炎大鼠的免疫调节作用[J].中国药理学通报,1995,11(4): 303-305.

[12]李俊,汤晓林.白芍总甙对佐剂性关节炎大鼠的免疫调节机制[J].中国药理学通报,1995,11(6):475-478.

[13]王兴旺,陈敏珠.白芍总甙对T淋巴细胞亚群的作用[J].中国药理学通报,1992,8(5): 340-344.

[14]王兴旺,陈敏珠.白芍总甙对免疫系统的影响[J].中国病理生理杂志,1991,7(6): 609-611.

[15]李俊,梁君山.白芍总甙对B淋巴细胞增殖和白介素1生成的调节作用[J].中国药理学与毒理学杂志,1994,8(1): 53-55.

[16]梁君山,陈敏珠.白芍总甙对大鼠佐剂性关节炎及其免疫功能的影响[J].中国药理学与毒理学杂志,1990,4(4): 258-261.

[17]王志坚,陈敏珠.白芍总甙治疗类风湿性关节炎的临床药理研究[J].中国药理学通报,1994,10(2): 117-122.

[18]徐叔云,沈玉先.白芍总甙和丹皮总甙对松果腺调节炎症免疫反应的影响[J].中国药理学与毒理学杂志,1994,8(3): 161-165.

[19]高崇凯,潘华新,等.白芍总甙粉针剂的抗炎、镇痛作用[J].中药新药与临床药理,2002,13(3):163-165.



7. Ze Xie (Alisma orientalis (Sam.) Juzep.)


Effects on the Immune System:

Ze Xie reduces delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions and lowers cellular immune function in experimental models.[3,4]


Anti-Inflammatory Effects:

Ze Xie decoction reduces contact dermatitis and granulation tissue proliferation, showing anti-inflammatory activity.[3]


[3]彭贤,黄舒,郦皆秀,等.泽泻属植物化学成分与药理活性[J].国外医药:植物药分册,2000,15(6): 245.

[4]尹春萍,吴继洲.泽泻及其活性成分免疫调节作用研究进展[J].中草药,2001,32(12): 1132.



8. Dang Gui (Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels.)


Effects on the Immune System:

Angelica sinensis polysaccharides significantly enhance IL-2 production and T-cell function.

Promotes macrophage phagocytosis and DNA synthesis in lymphocytes.


Anti-Inflammatory Effects:

Suppresses histamine-induced vascular permeability and reduces inflammatory markers.


[35]孙文平,李发胜,侯殿东,等.当归、白术、制白附子多糖对小鼠免疫调节作用的影响[J].中国中医药信息杂志,2008,15(7): 37-38.

[36]孙文平,罗红,杨光,等.当归多糖激发免疫反应的特征研究[J].大连医科大学学报,2009,31(3):262-264.

[37]兰中芬,张荫芝,白润江,等.当归化学成分(总酸、中性油、多糖)对小鼠免疫功能影响的观察[J].兰州医学院学报,1986(2): 56-58.

[38]Yamada H,Kiyohara H,Cyong JC,et al.Studies on polysaccharides from Angelica acutiloba.Part 1.Fractionation and biological properties of polysaccharides[J].Planta Med,1984,50(2): 163-167.

[39]朱启,张东蕾,王芝萍,等.某些植物多糖对小鼠淋巴和造血细胞生成的影响[J].军事医学科学院院刊,1985(3): 279-286.

[40]方积年.多糖研究的现状[J].药学学报,1986,21(12): 944-950.

[41]Kumazawa Y,Mizunoe K,Otsuka Y.Immunostimulating polysaccharide separated from hot water extract of Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa(Yamato tohki)[J].Immunology,1982,47(1): 75-83.

[42]顾远锡,崔玉芳,王芝萍,等.植物多糖对正常及肿瘤小鼠T和B淋巴细胞的影响[J].军事医学科学院院刊,1986,10(6): 401-405.

[43]顾远锡,崔玉芳,王芝萍,等.多糖对X线照射肿瘤小鼠T、B淋巴细胞的影响[J].军事医学科学院院刊,1987,11(2): 84-88.

[44]张成武,吕小迅.当归注射液对人单核细胞趋化移动的作用[J].广东医药学院学报,1994,10(4): 240.

[45]赵离原,周勇.当归多糖体外免疫调节作用的实验研究[J].上海免疫学杂志,1995,15(2): 97-99.



9. Sheng Di Huang (Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch.)


Effects on the Immune System:

Rehmannia polysaccharides enhance T-lymphocyte function, increasing IL-2 secretion.[16-20]

Regulates cortisol levels and prevents adrenal atrophy in glucocorticoid-treated animals.[13-15]


[13]上海第一医学院.医用生物化学(上)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1979: 578.

[14]查良伦,沈自尹,张晓峰,等.生地对家兔糖皮质激素受抑模型的实验研究[J].中西医结合杂志,1988,3(2): 95-97.

[15]陈锐群,查良伦,顾天爵.祖国医学“肾”的研究中有关滋阴泻火药作用的探讨——Ⅱ.生地、知母、甘草对地塞米松反馈抑制作用的影响(动物实验)[J].上海第一医学院学报,1979,6(6): 393-397.

[16]曹中亮,朱明,刘鹤香,等.熟地黄炮制前后对小鼠免疫功能的影响[J].新乡医学院学报,1988,5(2): 13-15.

[17]陈力真,冯杏婉,顾国民,等.地黄免疫抑瘤活性成分的分离提取与药理作用[J].中国中药杂志,1993,18(8): 502.

[18]陈力真,冯杏婉,周金黄,等.地黄多糖b的免疫抑瘤作用及其机理[J].中国药理学与毒理学杂志,1993,7(2): 153-156.

[19]汤建芳,茹祥斌,顾国明,等.地黄低聚糖对小鼠免疫和造血功能的作用[J].中药药理与临床,1997,13(5): 19-21.

[20]马健,樊巧玲,木村正康.生地黄对“阴虚”模型小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞Ⅰa抗原表达的影响[J].中药药理与临床,1998,14(2): 22-24.



10. Dan Shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.)


Effects on the Immune System:

Danshen suppresses leukocyte chemotaxis and reduces inflammatory mediators (PGE2, PGF2α).[90-94]


[90]高玉桂,王灵芝,唐冀雪.丹参酮的抗炎作用[J].中西医结合杂志,1983,3(5): 300.

[91]高骥援,王淑芬,张克坚,等.丹参酮对人白细胞趋化性影响的观察[J].中西医结合杂志,1985,5(11): 684.

[92]严仪昭,陈祥银,曾卫东,等.丹参注射液抗炎症作用的实验研究[J].中国医学科学院学报,1986,8(6): 417.

[93]王凤莲.丹参注射液对小白鼠吞噬细胞功能影响研究小结[J].兰州医学院学报,1979(2): 13.

[94]吕世静,黄槐莲.丹参注射液的免疫药理作用[J].中国实验临床免疫学杂志,1992,4(2): 41.



11. Bai Zhu (Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.)


Effects on the Immune System:

Bai Zhu polysaccharides (PAM) enhance T-cell function, increasing the T-helper (TH) / T-suppressor (TS) ratioand improving IL-2 production.[5,6]


• Regulates immune responses in immunosuppressed animal models, balancing TH/TS ratios.


[5]于丽华,余上才,章育正,等.枸杞子和白术免疫调节作用的实验研究[J].上海免疫学杂志,1994(1): 12-13.

[6]毛俊浩,吕志良,曾群力,等.白术多糖对小鼠淋巴细胞功能的调节[J].免疫学杂志,1996,12(4):233-236.



12. Mu Gua (Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai.)


Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects:

Mu Gua extracts and glycosides (GCS) reduce joint swelling and pain in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) rats.[3]

• Exhibits analgesic effects in writhing and hot plate tests, but has weaker anti-inflammatory effects on xylene-induced ear swelling.[1,2]


Effects on the Immune System:

• Enhances delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in tumor-bearing mice, indicating immune-enhancing effects.[7]


[1]柳蔚,杨兴海,钱京萍.资木瓜乙醇提取物镇痛抗炎作用的实验研究[J].四川中医,2004,22(8):7-8.

[2]张玲玲,戴敏,沈玉先,等.几种中成药有效部位抗炎作用的比较[J].安徽医科大学学报,2002,37(6): 423-425.

[3]戴敏,魏伟,汪倪萍,等.木瓜苷对佐剂性关节炎的治疗作用[J].中国药理学通报,2003,19(3):340-343.

[7]袁志超,汪芳安,王慧溪,等.皱皮木瓜提取物增强体内免疫活性研究[J].武汉工业学院学报,2007,26(2): 22-25.




13. Tian Hua Fen (Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.)


Dual Immunomodulatory Effects:


Immunostimulatory Effects:

Enhances immune cell formation and differentiation in the spleen, increasing IgM, IgG, and macrophage numbers.[5,6]

Trichosanthes polysaccharides stimulate human monocytes, increasing TNF-α and IL-6 secretion.[9]


Immunosuppressive Effects:

Inhibits IgE antibody production, suppressing allergic responses.[3]

Suppresses lymphocyte transformation induced by ConA and PHA, showing potential in immune suppression.[10,11]


[3]阴健,郭力弓.中药现代研究与临床应用[M].北京:学苑出版社,1995: 344-345.

[5]万集今.天花粉和五味子对小鼠脾脏抗体形成细胞的影响[J].福建中医药,1988,19(5): 79.

[6]万集今,葛振华,王若愚.天花粉和五味子对小鼠唾液腺内凝集素受体和免疫球蛋白作用的研究[J].福建中医药,1989,20(3): 15.

[7]叶敏,季永墉,沈瑞珍,等.小鼠对天花粉蛋白体内及体外免疫应答的基本特点[J].实验生物学报,1986(19): 81-89.

[8]郭峰,刘小平,徐瑛.天花粉对小鼠艾氏腹水癌的疗效和对红细胞免疫功能的影响[J].中西医结合杂志,1989,9(70): 418-420.

[9]徐水凌,赵桂珠,屠婕红,等.天花粉多糖对人外周血单个核细胞的免疫活性作用[J].中国中医药杂志,2010,35(6): 745-749.

[10]Leung KN,Yeung HW,Leung SO.The immunomodulatory and antitumor activities of Trichosanthin-an abortifacient protein isolated from Tian-hua-fen(Trichosanthes kirilowii)[J].Asian Pacific J Allergy Immunol,1986(4): 111-120.

[11]李宁丽,郑泽铣,沈伯华,等.天花粉蛋白诱发人体淋巴细胞发生凋亡[J].中国免疫学杂志,1995,11(7): 539-542.



14. Wei Ling Xian (Clematis chinensis Osbeck.)


Immunosuppressive Effects:

Inhibits thymus and spleen lymphocyte proliferation, affecting COX-1 and COX-2 enzyme activity.[8]


Antioxidant Effects:

Wei Ling Xian polysaccharides reduce oxidative stress, increasing SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, while decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels.[9]


[8]龙启才,邱建波.威灵仙、秦艽、桑寄生醇提物体外对淋巴细胞和环氧酶的影响[J].中药药理与临床,2004,20(8): 55.

[9]陈彦,孙玉军,方伟.威灵仙多糖的抗氧化活性研究[J].中华中医药杂志,2008,23(3): 23-24.



15. Bai Zhi (Angelica dahurica.)


Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects:

Bai Zhi volatile oil inhibits pain responses, prolonging paw-licking latency in hot plate tests.[2]

Coumarins from Bai Zhi inhibit ear swelling, capillary permeability, and carrageenan-induced foot swelling.[4]


Antioxidant Effects:

Bai Zhi polysaccharides scavenge hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, reducing lipid peroxidation.[5]


[3]彭小莉,高喜玲,陈军.白芷水煎剂和冻干粉对大鼠外周组织损伤所致的持续性自发痛、热和机械痛敏作用的比较研究[J].中国中西医结合杂志,2004,24(S1)(基础理论研究特集): 243-247.

[4]王春梅,崔新颖,李贺.白芷香豆素的抗炎作用研究[J].北华大学学报:自然科学版,2006,7(4):318-320.

[5]王德才,高丽君,高艳霞.杭白芷多糖体外抗氧化活性的研究[J].时珍国医国药,2009,20(1):173-174.



16. Yi Yi Ren (Coix lacryma-jobi L. var. ma-yuen (Roman.) Stapf.)


Effects on the Immune System:

Coix seed polysaccharides enhance phagocytosis, hemolysin formation, and lymphocyte transformation, particularly in immunosuppressed mice.[2]


[2]苗明三.薏苡仁多糖对环磷酰胺致免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响[J].中医药学报,2002,30(5):49-51.



17. Zi Cao (Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst.)


Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Allergic Effects:

Ethyl ether, water, and ethanol extracts of Zi Cao exhibit strong anti-inflammatory effects, reducing peritoneal inflammation and ear swelling in mice.[1,7,8]


[7]楼雅卿,张远,陆道培,等.紫草醇提取物对动物实验性炎症过程的影响及毒性实验[J].北京医学院学报,1979,(2): 83-86.

[8]林志彬,柴宝玲,王珮,等.紫草化学成分抗炎症作用的研究[J].北京医学院学报,1980,12(2):101-106,148.



18. Luo Shi Teng (Trachelospermum jasminoides (Lindl.) Lem.)


Anti-Fatigue Effects:

Luo Shi Teng total triterpene saponins improve endurance and reduce oxidative stress, increasing swimming timein mice while lowering blood lactate and malondialdehyde levels.[2]


[2]谭兴起,郭良君,孔飞飞,等.络石藤三萜总皂苷抗疲劳作用的实验研究[J].解放军药学学报,2011,27(2): 128-131.



19. Di Long (Pheretima aspergillum (E. Perrier))


Immunoregulatory Effects:

Di Long extracts enhance lymphocyte transformation and promote B-cell responses, increasing spleen index and thymus index.[28,29]

Di Long fibrinolytic enzymes improve immune function in tumor-bearing mice, boosting phagocytic index and half-hemolysin levels.[30]


Antioxidant Effects:

Di Long extracts increase catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GSH-R), and SOD activity, reducing lipid oxidation.[31,32]


[28]郭建,高福云,靳耀英,等.地龙活性蛋白对免疫造血功能的影响及其抗肿瘤作用[J].中华中医药杂志,2009,24(5): 670-672.

[29]胡云龙,徐梅,张双全,等.蚯蚓提取物对小鼠肿瘤动物模型的研究[J].生物技术,2002,12(6):9-10.

[30]王庭欣,夏立娅,吴广臣,等.海带多糖对小鼠T淋巴细胞及NK细胞活性的影响[J].河北大学学报:自然科学版,2008,28(6): 656-658.

[31]林少琴,邹开煌.蚯蚓QY-I对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能及抗氧化酶的影响[J].海峡医学,2002,14(1):10-12.

[32]周亿金,李文平.蚯蚓抗氧化提取液抗氧化作用研究[J].动物医学进展,2009,30(6): 58-62.


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703-963-6039

 
 
 

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